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商贸英语|翻译:商务合同英译中易混淆的词汇

来源:www.hl499.com 2024-07-14
shipping1 advice 与 shipping instructions

shipping advice 是装运公告,是由出口商(卖主)发给进口商(买主)的。然而 shipping instructions 则是装运需知,是进口商(买主)发给出口商(卖主)的。另外应该注意区别 vendor2(卖主)与 vendee(买主),consignor(发货人)与 consignee3(收货人)。上述这三对词汇在英译时、极易发生笔误。

abide4 by 与 comply with

abide by 与 comply with 都有遵守的意思.但当主语是人时,英译遵守须用 abide by。当主语是非人称时,则用 comply with 。

例 3:双方都应遵守/双方的所有活动都应遵守合同规定。
Both parties Shall abide by/All the activities of both parties shall comply
with the contractual stipulations.

change A to B 与 change A into B

英译把 A 改为 B用change A to B,英译把 A 折合成/兑换成 B用change A into B,两者不可混淆。

例 4:交货期改为 8 月并将USD折合成人民币。
Both parties agree that change the time of shipment to August and change US dollar into Renminbi.

ex 与 per

来源于拉丁语的介词 ex 与 per 有每个都不一样的意思。英译由某轮船运来的货物时用 ex,由某轮船运走的货物用 per,而由某轮船承运用 by。

例 5:由维多利亚货轮运走/运来/承运的最后一批货将于 10 月 1 日抵达伦敦。
The last batch5 per/ex/by S.S. Victoria will arrive at London on October

in 与 after

当英译几天之后的时间时,总是是指几天之后的确切的一天,所以需要用介词 in,而不可以用 after,由于介词 after 指的是几天之后的不确切的任何一天。

例 6:该货于 11 月 10 日由东风轮运出,140 天后抵达鹿特丹港。
The good shall be shipped per M.V. Dong Feng on November 10 and are due
to arrive at Rottedaml in 140 days.

on/upon 与 after

当英译到后,就时,用介词 on/upon,而不需要 after,由于 after 表示之后的时间不清楚。

例 7:发票货值须货到支付。
The invoice6 value is to be paid on/upon arrival of the goods.

by 与 before

当英译终止时间时,譬如在某月某日之前,假如包含所写日期时,就用介词 by;假如不包含所写日期,即指到所写日期的前一天为止,就要用介词 before。

例 8:卖方须在 6 月 15 近日将货交给买方。
The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June 15.


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